CRIMINAL LAWYER
What is Criminal Law?
Criminal Law is a field of law in which behaviours that are seen as behaviours that cause harm and danger to the public in terms of property security or moral welfare, the state imposes criminal sanctions on the defendants by using the power of force, and the grievances of the victims are eliminated. Legislative bodies of countries create legislation to define penalties for criminal misconduct. In this context; the rules regarding the elements of the offence, other conditions of criminal responsibility and sanctions constitute the general subjects of criminal law.
This function of criminal law is expressed in Article 1 of the Criminal Code: The purpose of the Criminal Code is to protect individual rights and freedoms, public order and security, the rule of law, public health and the environment, public peace and to prevent the commission of offences. In order to fulfil this purpose, the basic principles of criminal responsibility and the types of offences, penalties and security measures are regulated in the Law.
What is a Criminal Lawyer?
Criminal lawyers, also known as criminal lawyers or public defenders, work to defend and represent natural persons or organisations accused of a crime. Since Criminal Law is a field of law that deals with the body immunity, life health, property health, as well as the freedom of the person, lawyers require hard work and discipline.
During the process of a criminal case, a criminal lawyer may have to spend days, weeks or even months working. The main responsibilities are as follows:
– Interviewing witnesses
– Discovering the crime scene
– Developing a defence strategy
– Building a defence
– Gathering evidence in favour of his own client
– Making objections, preparing files
– Representing the client in court hearings
The Concept of Crime: Crime is human behaviour that is prohibited by the state by law because it is socially dangerous or harmful, and is punished when it is done despite this.
TYPES OF CRIME
Types of crimes; crimes against individuals, crimes against society, crimes against the nation and crimes against the state are classified under four headings.
1.OFFENCES AGAINST PERSONS:
-CRIMES AGAINST LIFE:
– Manslaughter (intentional, committed by negligent behaviour, suicide, negligence)
-OFFENCES AGAINST BODY IMMUNITY
– Manslaughter (intentional, aggravated by consequence, committed by negligent behaviour)
– Human experimentation
– organ
– Torture
– Torment
– Sexual assault
– Sexual abuse of children
– Threat
– Blackmail
– Algebra
– Insult – Theft
– Looting
– Arson
– Damage to property
– Fraud
2. OFFENCES AGAINST SOCIETY
– Forgery of money
– Forgery of official documents
– Obscenity
– Prostitution
– Smuggling
– Massacre
3. CRİMES AGAİSNT THE NATİON AND THE STATE
– Embezzlement
– Perpetration
– Bribery
– Abuse of office
– Slander
– False testimony
– False swearing
– Favouring the guilty
– Denigrating Turkishness, the Republic, institutions and organs of the State
– Disrupting the unity of the state and the integrity of the country
– Violation of the Constitution
– Discouraging people from military service
– Treason
4. INTERNATIONAL CRIMES
– Genocide
– Crimes against humanity
– Migrant smuggling
– Human trafficking
– War crime
– Terrorism Offences against persons
Sanctions foreseen in the Turkish Penal Code:
A) PENALTIES
Aa) Imprisonment
– Aggravated life imprisonment
– Life imprisonment
– Imprisonment for a term of imprisonment
Ab) Judicial fine
B) SECURITY MEASURES
Ba) Deprivation of certain rights
1) Permanent, temporary or temporary disqualification from public office
2) Disqualification from the capacity to elect and be elected and from exercising other political rights
3) Disqualification from parental authority, guardianship or trusteeship
4) Prohibition from being a manager or auditor of foundations, associations, trade unions, companies, co-operatives and political parties
5) Prohibition from practising a profession or art subject to a permit
Bb) Confiscation
– Confiscation of property
– Confiscation of earnings
Bc) Child-specific measures
Bd) Measures specific to the mentally ill
Be) Repetition and special dangerous offenders
Bf) Deportation
Bg) Measures on legal entities
-Dispossession
– Cancellation of the permit